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The 1838 Vrancea earthquake struck the western part of Vrancea County on 23 January (O.S. 11 January)〔("Dosare istorice: Cutremurul din 1838" ), ''Optimal Media'', March 3, 2012〕 with a magnitude of 7.5. The seism caused extensive damage in Moldavia and Wallachia, and killed dozens of people. The earthquake occurred just 36 years after another earthquake of magnitude over 7 on Richter scale devastated the southern part of Romanian Principalities. The earthquake occurred at 20:45, being felt strongly in Bucharest and also all over the country up to Lviv, Sevastopol, Constantinople (Istanbul), Odessa, etc. A detailed report on the phenomenon was promptly done by Güstav Schuller, mining geologist in the service of the Duke of Saxony. He said the quake had a foreshock followed by three strong shocks.〔("ISTORIE. Care au fost cele mai mari cutremure în România" ), ''EVZ.ro'', April 18, 2013〕 During this earthquake, in some areas, especially the epicentral zone, mainly in Vrancea, Buzău, Brăila and Dâmbovița counties appeared large ground cracks and liquefaction phenomena. == Damage == The earthquake was felt on very large areas, affecting inclusive the cities of Transylvania and Banat. Timișoara suffered extensive damage, and the Prejmer fortified church was nearly destroyed. Two motions were felt in Sibiu, on the east-west direction, and several buildings suffered damage. Strong shakings were also felt in Nadăș village. The river ice has been broken. Many people were injured. The earthquake was also felt in Cluj, but it was very weak. But the greatest damage concentrated in Wallachia, where 217 churches collapsed or were severely damaged, most of them in Râmnicu Vâlcea and Craiova.〔("Cutremurul cel Mare" ), ''National Geographic România'', August 2005〕 According to an official report, 36 houses were destroyed in Bucharest, among them the Manuc's Inn and St. Sylvester Church.〔("România a fost zguduită de cinci cutremure de peste 7 pe Richter în ultimii 200 de ani" ), ''Realitatea.net'', March 4, 2008〕 Likewise, four churches collapsed, and other 50 buildings were badly damaged, including the Princely Palace. ''România'' newspaper reported that the seism was preceded by "a hissing and a whizzing so great that froze the hearts of fear". Prince Alexandru Ghica was surprised by the quake inside a theater, together with much of the nobility. Panic took hold immediately on the audience, which began to trample to exit the theater.〔 Several women fainted, being dragged down by the others to be removed from the building that could collapse. That night, Prince Ghica, with officers and army, visited all parts of Bucharest to see with his eyes the disaster.〔 In Brăila was affected the city hospital, patients being evacuated to another hospital. The quake was strongly felt in Moldavia, where, among other consequences, there was a massive landslide, that closed Ghilcoș Brook, tributary of the Bicaz River, phenomenon following which would be formed the Red Lake. In the ''Abeille moldave'' ((ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():Аlbina românească)), a political and literary gazette led by Gheorghe Asachi, it was reported that a violent earthquake was felt Tuesday, 11 January 1838, at 8:25 p.m., in Iași and lasted 35 seconds. Here, several houses and churches (among them Curelari and St. Spiridon) reported cracks in walls, and the theater was evacuated without any incidents.〔 Gustav Schüller (Gustave Schueler), Counselor for Mining to the Grand Duke of Saxony, expert instructed by the Ministry for Internal Affairs, reported large cracks in the ground and soil liquefaction "both on Wallachian territory and that of Moldova". The report relates that "in the visited areas all massive buildings, made of stone heavily suffered and many of them, mainly churches, cannot be used". On the contrary, "the peasants' houses, as well as all structures made in timber, have been able to deflect since they were flexible, so they suffered less". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1838 Vrancea earthquake」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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